Kauaʻi record · kba_plant_casuarina_junghuhniana

Mountain Casuarina

Casuarina junghuhniana

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About Mountain Casuarina

Mountain Casuarina (Casuarina junghuhniana) is a post-contact introduced tree documented on Kauaʻi through historical forestry planting records. The reviewed records do not establish present survival. Native from Java to the Lesser Sunda Islands in the wet-tropical biome. The Kauaʻi forestry ledger used the synonym Casuarina montana and documents a 1919 planting; current identity in the field, survival, reproduction, and spread are unconfirmed.

Kauaʻi evidence

Taxonomic identity, tree form, diagnostic morphology and island occurrence use the linked reviewed sources. Historical planting, cultivation, naturalization and invasive status are separate. Generated imagery is not occurrence evidence. The 1918–1959 Kauaʻi reforestation working register records 600 plants under Casuarina montana across 3 entries dated 1927–1929. These are recorded planting quantities, not counts of surviving trees, and they do not by themselves establish current persistence, naturalization, or ecological impact. Source: Kauaʻi Reforestation Plantings 1918–1959 working register (user-supplied; reconciled 6 October 2026).

Names and classification

Scientific name: Casuarina junghuhniana
Common names: Mountain Casuarina
Other names: Casuarina junghuhniana · Mountain casuarina · Casuarina montana
Record type: Species

Kauaʻi occurrence and status

Kauaʻi occurrence: Recorded on Kauaʻi
Origin: Introduced
Conservation status: Not yet assessed
Evidence date: 2026-10-06
Evidence limits: Current survival on Kauaʻi, number of trees, occupied habitat, flowering or fruiting, recruitment, population trend, and ecological effects are all unconfirmed; no naturalization or invasive severity is inferred from the historical planting record.

Habitat and ecology

Habitats: Not yet assessed
Food and resource needs: Not yet assessed
Reproduction: The species is dioecious: male trees have terminal pollen spikes, while female trees bear heads that mature into woody infructescences and release winged samaras. Wind pollination is documented for the species. Kauaʻi sex balance, cone production, seed viability, and recruitment are unknown.
Shelter: Not yet assessed
Growth form: Tree

Threats and conservation

Monitoring: Not yet assessed
Data gaps: Current population extent and trajectory · Additional species-specific ecological and conservation sources

Process and seasonal context

Seasonal timing: Not yet assessed
Seasonal description: Mountain Casuarina (Casuarina junghuhniana) is a post-contact introduced tree documented on Kauaʻi through historical forestry planting records. The reviewed records do not establish present survival. Native from Java to the Lesser Sunda Islands in the wet-tropical biome. The Kauaʻi forestry ledger used the synonym Casuarina montana and documents a 1919 planting; current identity in the field, survival, reproduction, and spread are unconfirmed.

Sources and further reading

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